HUKUM KRIPTO DALAM ISLAM: ETIKA DAN FATWA ULAMA

Penulis

  • Mustofa Anwar Institut Agama Islam Darul A'mal Lampung
  • Ema Puspitasari Institut Agama Islam Darul A'mal Lampung
  • Samuel Karim Ernest Bai Koroma University of Science and Tacnology, Sierra Leone
  • Amanatun Nisfah Nurun Nikmah Institut Agama Islam Darul A'mal Lampung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30863/alkharaj.v5i1.8518

Kata Kunci:

Cryptocurrency, Sharia Economic Law, Fatwa Ulama, MUI, Dar al-Ifta', Bahtsul Masail NU

Abstrak

Cryptocurrency telah menjadi topik hangat dalam ekonomi dan keuangan global. Namun, dari perspektif hukum dan etika Islam, masih belum dipahami secara komprehensif. Dalam situasi ini, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lebih dalam pandangan para ulama tentang penggunaan Cryptocurrency yang berfokus pada aspek hukum dan etika dalam ekonomi Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif-komparatif sebagai acuan untuk menganalisis fatwa Ulama tentang cryptocurrency. Fatwa Ulama yang digunakan adalah Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Fatwa Dar al-Ifta' dan hasil Bahtsul Masail Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Hasil penelitian mencatat dua poin penting. Pertama, ada perbedaan antara ulama tentang hukum cryptocurrency, Beberapa Ulama memegang cryptocurrency sesuai dengan prinsip syariah dan halal, dan beberapa Ulama berpandangan bahwa cryptocurrency sebagai sesuatu yang berpotensi mengandung ketidakpastian, perjudian dan riba yang dilarang dalam Islam. Kedua, dari perspektif etika bisnis Syariah, cryptocurrency saat ini mengandung lebih banyak kerugian daripada manfaat. Penelitian ini menyajikan panduan melalui pandangan para Ulama secara komprehensif terkait dengan penggunaan cryptocurrency. Penelitian ini berkontribusi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang cryptocurrency sesuai dengan hukum ekonomi Syariah.

Referensi

Abdul-Qadir, A. M. (1997). The Early Development of Islamic Jurisprudence. American Journal of Islam and Society, 14(3), 83–86. https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v14i3.2236

Aithal, A., & Aithal, P. S. (2020). Development and Validation of Survey Questionnaire & Experimental Data – A Systematical Review-based Statistical Approach. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.47992/ijmts.2581.6012.0116

Akcora, C. G., Gel, Y. R., & Kantarcioglu, M. (2022). Blockchain networks: Data structures of Bitcoin, Monero, Zcash, Ethereum, Ripple, and Iota. In Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (Vol. 12, Issue 1). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1436

Al-Qaradaghi, A. (2016). Formulating Ethical Principles in Light of the Higher Objectives of Sharia and Their Criteria. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786340481_0015

Amalia, K. (2020). ‘URF SEBAGAI METODE PENETAPAN HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM. As-Salam: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam & Pendidikan, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.51226/assalam.v9i1.187

Arrahmah, A. (2021, June 21). Hasil Bahtsul Masail tentang Halal dan Haram Transaksi Kripto. Https://Www.Nu.or.Id.

Ausop, A. Z., Silvia, E., & Aulia, N. (2018). THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC SYARIAT ON CRYPTOCURRENCY TECHNOLOGY OF BITCOIN FOR INVESTMENT AND BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS. https://www.jawapos.com/uploads/news/2018/02/09/hingga-2018-segini-jumlah-orang-

Bank Indonesia, D. H. (2023). UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG MATA UANG Maret 2023 DEPARTEMEN HUKUM-BANK INDONESIA.

Berentsen, A., & Schär, F. (2018). A short introduction to the world of cryptocurrencies. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, 100(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.20955/r.2018.1-16

Billah, M. M. (2022). Crypto-Currency Operation and its Islamic Prospective. Journal of Islamic Banking & Finance, 39(2).

Bintarto, M. A. I., Setiawan, Y., Alqarni, M. U., & Hilmi, F. (2022). Zakah and Waqf for Cryptocurrency in Islamic Law. Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v7i1.4229

Fang, F., Ventre, C., Basios, M., Kanthan, L., Martinez-Rego, D., Wu, F., & Li, L. (2022). Cryptocurrency trading: a comprehensive survey. In Financial Innovation (Vol. 8, Issue 1). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-021-00321-6

Guadamuz, A., & Marsden, C. (n.d.). Blockchains and Bitcoin: Regulatory responses to cryptocurrencies (Vol. 20). http://ssrn.com/abstract=2704852

Hamzani, A. I., Widyastuti, T. V., Khasanah, N., & Rusli, M. H. M. (2023). Legal Research Method: Theoretical and Implementative Review. International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.3191

Jati, H. S., & Zulfikar, A. A. (2021). Transaksi Cryptocurrency Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Jurnal Al-Adalah : Jurnal Hukum Dan Politik Islam, 6(2).

Jie, L., Jixiong, C., & Wei, Z. (2023). Islamic Business Ethics. Sharia Oikonomia Law Journal, 1(3), 172–184. https://doi.org/10.55849/solj.v1i3.487

Khairul Azmi. (2021). Etika Bisnis Islam Sebuah Pengenalan. Al-Hisbah Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.57113/his.v1i1.78

Kholid, M. (2018). PRINSIP-PRINSIP HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG PERBANKAN SYARIAH. Asy-Syari’ah, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v20i2.3448

Kusuma, T., Zainal, V. R., Subagja, I. K., & Basalamah, S. (2020). The Perspective of Islamic Law on Cryptocurrency for Commodity Future Exchange in Indonesia. JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC STUDIES AND CULTURE, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.15640/jisc.v8n1a1

Maimun, M. (2024). The Application of Ra’y in Seeking Progressive Sharia Economic Law: The Approach of ’Urf and Maqasid Al-Shari’ah. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i2.14964

McCann, D. P. (2022). Appreciating Islamic Business Ethics*. In Dialogue with China: Opportunities and Risks. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789811250231_0003

Muhammad, F. (2022). Kehujjahan IstishlÄh / Maslahah Mursalah Sebagai Dalil Hukum : Perspektif 4 Madzhab. Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, Vol.9(9).

MUI. (2021). KEPUTUSAN IJTIMA’ ULAMA KOMISI FATWA SE-INDONESIA VII Tentang HUKUM CRYPTOCURRENCY.

Nakamoto, S. (n.d.). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. www.bitcoin.org

Nitha, D. A. F., & Westra, I. K. (2020). Investasi Cryptocurrency Berdasarkan Peraturan Bappebti No. 5 Tahun 2019. Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal), 9(4), 712. https://doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2020.v09.i04.p04

Radziwill, N. (2018). Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Quality Management Journal, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/10686967.2018.1404373

Rahmah, S. (2021). IDENTITAS CRYPTOCURRENCY : HALAL DAN HARAM. In Jurnal Ekonomi Islam (Vol. 4).

Shamsudheen, S. V., Rosly, S. A., & Muneeza, A. (2023). Assessing ethical praxis of ethical (Islamic) financial institutions: a survey of empirical discoveries. International Journal of Law and Management, 65(5). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-11-2022-0256

Siti Nur Azizah, A. (2020). FENOMENA CRYPTOCURRENCY DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM. https://dalamislam.com/hukumislam/ekonomi/hukum-

Taekema, S. (2021). Methodologies of Rule of Law Research: Why Legal Philosophy Needs Empirical and Doctrinal Scholarship. Law and Philosophy, 40(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10982-020-09388-1

Ulfah, K., & Arsal, M. (2022). Etika Bisnis Islam: Dapat Direalisasikan atau Hanya Sebatas Teori ? Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis, Manajemen Dan Akuntansi (JEBMA), 2(3). https://doi.org/10.47709/jebma.v2i3.1823

Wardatul Jannah, A. (2022). PERKEMBANGAN HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA TERHADAP EKSISTENSI CYRPTOCURRENCY. https://www.tempo.co/tag/uang-kripto

Wati, D., Arif, S., & Devi, A. (2021). Analisis Penerapan Prinsip-Prinsip Etika Bisnis Islam Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online di Humaira Shop. El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.47467/elmal.v3i1.654

Wildan Habibi, M., Nurul Izza, L., & Thalita, R. (2023). Transaksi Pembayaran Melalui Cryptocurrency Dalam Perspektif Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Mui) dan Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Dan Pemikiran Islam, 3(1).

شوقي إبراهيم علام. (2017, December 28). حكم تداول عملة البيتكوين والتعامل بها. Https://Www.Dar-Alifta.Org/Ar.

Unduhan

File Tambahan

Diterbitkan

2025-06-15

Cara Mengutip

Anwar, M., Puspitasari, E., Karim, S., & Nisfah Nurun Nikmah, A. (2025). HUKUM KRIPTO DALAM ISLAM: ETIKA DAN FATWA ULAMA. Jurnal Al-Kharaj: Studi Ekonomi Syariah, Muamalah, Dan Hukum Ekonomi, 5(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.30863/alkharaj.v5i1.8518

Terbitan

Vol 5 No 1 (2025)

Bagian

Articles

Lisensi

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Artikel Serupa

1 2 3 4 > >> 

Anda juga bisa Mulai pencarian similarity tingkat lanjut untuk artikel ini.